Gambling is an activity where a person stakes something of value (like money or property) on the outcome of a risky or uncertain event. It is a global industry with legal and social implications. Some of the world’s largest casinos, racetracks and other commercial establishments organize gambling activities. Individuals also gamble privately. For example, people often wager money or chips in home games like poker, blackjack and spades with friends or family for fun and social interaction. People may also place bets on football games or horse races in their social circle.
While the underlying principles of different types of gambling are similar, a variety of factors can influence the development of gambling disorder. Some of these factors are biological, while others are socio-cultural and environmental in nature. The risk of developing gambling disorder is generally higher in individuals who start to gamble at a younger age, and people with certain medical conditions are also more likely to develop a gambling problem.
The term “problem gambling” describes a range of harmful behaviors associated with the game of chance, including:
A person who develops problem gambling may have one or more of the following symptoms:
(1) He or she loses control over time spent or money wagered; (2) continues to gamble despite negative personal, family, and/or financial consequences; (3) is preoccupied with thoughts about gambling and/or a desire to gamble; (4) lies to friends, family, therapists, etc. about the amount of money he or she is spending on gambling; (5) returns to gambling after losing money in an attempt to get even (“chasing losses”), and/or (6) has committed illegal acts (e.g., theft, fraud) to finance gambling activities.
People who develop gambling disorders are prone to many of the same risks that other people face in daily life, such as heart disease and cancer. Additionally, problems with gambling are associated with a higher suicide rate than other types of addiction. As a result, it is important for people who have concerns about their own or a loved one’s gambling habits to seek help from qualified professionals. This is especially true for children and teens, as their brains are still developing and are more susceptible to gambling disorder than adults. Fortunately, there are many resources and organisations that offer support and assistance to those who have concerns about their gambling behavior. In addition, there are a number of counselling and intensive treatment programmes available to those who are at risk. If you or someone you know is concerned about their gambling, it’s important to set boundaries in managing money and reviewing bank and credit card statements to ensure that they are not being overspent. It is also recommended to seek professional help if you find yourself lying, hiding or stealing to finance your gambling. It’s vital to realise that the behaviour of gambling disorder can affect anyone, regardless of economic status, cultural background or level of education. To learn more about the dangers of gambling, visit our article How to recognise a gambling disorder in yourself or a loved one.